How to Make Your Own Baking Powder at Home

How to Make Your Own Baking Powder at Home You can make baking powder yourself using other common kitchen ingredients. Heres a simple homemade recipe you can use in place of commercial baking powder for cooking. Baking Powder Ingredients 2 teaspoons cream of tartar (potassium bitartrate)1 teaspoon baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) Using Baking Powder Baking powder produces bubbles that cause baked goods to rise by making carbon dioxide gas as soon as the dry and wet ingredients are mixed. Ensure success by preheating your oven. Dont overmix your ingredients or wait to bake your recipe or the bubbles may have a chance to dissipate, causing your recipe to fall flat. Storing Homemade Baking Powder The homemade baking powder will clump together if it isnt used right away, but you can prevent this by adding 1 teaspoon of cornstarch to the baking powder mixture. Store the baking powder in an airtight container. Commercial baking powder preparations often contain undesirable ingredients (such as aluminum compounds). By making your own baking powder, youll have complete control over your ingredients. You can test the baking powder before using it to make sure it is still fresh.

Learn the Types of Chemical Formulas

Learn the Types of Chemical Formulas A chemical formula is an expression that states the number and type of atoms present in a molecule of a substance. The type of atom is given using element symbols. The number of atoms is indicated by a subscript following the element symbol. Chemical Formula Examples There are six C atoms and 14 H atoms in a hexane molecule, which has a molecular formula of: C6H14 The chemical formula of table salt or sodium chloride is: NaCl There are one sodium atom and one chlorine atom in each molecule. Note there is no subscript for the number 1. Types of Chemical Formulas While any expression that cites the number and kind of atoms is a chemical formula, there are different types of formulas, including molecular, empirical, structure, and condensed chemical formulas. Molecular Formula Also known as the true formula, the molecular formula states the actual number of atoms of the elements in a single molecule. For example, the molecular formula of the sugar glucose is: C6H12O6 Empirical Formula The empirical formula is the simplest ratio of the whole number of elements in a compound. It gets its name because it comes from experimental or empirical data. Its sort of like simplifying mathematical fractions. Sometimes the molecular and empirical formula are the same, such as H2O, while other times the formulas are different. For example, the empirical formula of glucose is: CH2O This is obtained by dividing all of the subscripts by the common value (6, in this case). Structural Formula Although the molecular formula tells you how many atoms of each element are present in a compound, it does not indicate the way the atoms are arranged or bonded to each other. A structural formula shows the chemical bonds. This is important information because two molecules may have shared the same number and type of atoms yet are isomers of each other. For example, ethanol (grain alcohol people can drink) and dimethyl ether (a toxic compound) share the same molecular and empirical formulas. There are different types of structural formulas, too. Some indicate the two-dimensional structure, while others describe the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms. Condensed Formula One particular variation of an empirical or structural formula is the condensed formula. This type of chemical formula is a sort of shorthand notation. The condensed structural formula may omit the symbols for carbon and hydrogen in the structure, simply indicating the chemical bonds and formulas of functional groups. The written condensed formula lists the atoms in the order in which they appear in the molecular structure. For example, the molecular formula of hexane is: C6H14 However, its condensed formula is: CH3(CH2)4CH3 ï » ¿This formula not only provides the number and type of atoms but also indicates their position in the structure.