Sex Trafficking Is The Trade Of Humans Essay - 1267 Words

Sex Trafficking Sex trafficking is the trade of humans, most commonly for the purpose of sexual slavery, forced labor, or commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker or others. This may encompass providing a spouse in the context of forced marriage, or the extraction of organs or tissues, including for surrogacy and ova removal.Sex trafficking is a very dangerous thing to be going on in this world. Human trafficking can occur within a country or trans-nationally. The Metro-Atlanta area ranks number one in sex trafficking. HOW IT STARTED Although human trafficking is being carried on from ancient times, there is very little information on when did it start. So, when did human trafficking start? There is a mixed response to it. Some people believe that human trafficking actually started in the 1700s when small children were exploited for work. Debates raged for years among feminists about â€Å"free† and â€Å"forced† prostitution, and whether or not all prostitution should be included in the definition of sex trafficking. Sex trafficking is horrible. Many people believe that prostitution is apart of sex trafficking, it could be in a way, but also it is not. Prostitution the women are willingly selling their bodies and on the other hand sex trafficking the women are being kidnapped or tricked into thinking they will be in a better lifestyle. WHO? The sex trafficking industry is fueled by buyers who pay traffickers to supply victims to meet their demand. Men,Show MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking And The Trade Of Human Sex Trafficking Essay958 Words   |  4 Pages10 countries in the region introduced new anti-trafficking laws or modified old ones. The United Nations has also picked up the fight against ending all forms of modern slavery including human sex trafficking. The U.N implemented the a protocol that focuses on â€Å"(1) prevention and combat of trafficking persons, paying particular attention to women and children; (2) to protect and assist the victims of such trafficking, with full respect for their human rights; and (3) to promote cooperation among StatesRead MoreThe Globalization Of Human Trafficking990 Words   |  4 Pageswill define the globalization of human trafficking through the context of the United States as a first world nation and extension of this problematic issue in European nations, such as Russia and in the Baltic region. The first world status of the United States provides a context in which human trafficking has become a major problem when defining domestic markets for criminal organizations. However, the U.S. provides an example of the impact of human trafficking that occurs on a much wider scaleRead MoreModern Day Slavery808 Words   |  3 Pagesexists something known as human Sex Trafficking. Some might refer to this as prostitution, or rather sex working, but really, the word sex trafficking teaches refers to the inhumane and unfathomably abusive ways of our society. The State of California’s department of Justice refers to Human Trafficking as â€Å"controlling a person through force, fraud, or coercion to exploit the victim for forced labor, sexual exploitation, or both. The 2013 state ratings on Human Trafficking laws say that only 39 statesRead MoreThe Revolution Of New Orleans1453 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, the women sent were previous prostitution offe nders in France, and chose to continue their jobs in the sex trade upon arrival. This marks the beginning of New Orleans future as the largest red light district in America, and one of the first roots of the sex trade in the United States (Grant). Women continued to be shipped to the colonies due to their small population, and the sex trade continued to grow. By 1852, Herbert Asbury wrote that â€Å"no country in the world was not represented in San FranciscoRead MoreEssay about Sex Trafficking: How Can We Make It Stop?1158 Words   |  5 PagesSex Trafficking: How Can We Make It Stop? Introduction Sex trafficking is a problem that is happening and occurring all over the world. Many families and individuals suffer due to sex trafficking. Many people are not even aware of what it really is. Sex trafficking is when young girls, as young as five or six, get kidnapped and are used for the sexual pleasure of others with a profit, or are sold as sex slaves to other people. The official definition is, â€Å"Human sex trafficking is a form of slaveryRead MoreSex Trafficking of Children1277 Words   |  5 PagesThe trafficking of children and women for sexual purposes has become a key worry for nearly all governments throughout the world. Accounts in the United States regarding human trafficking for the purpose of sexually exploiting women and children have shown the matter is also a national problem and that it is on the rise. A projected 60,000 women and children are trafficked each year in the United States (Wheaton Schauer, 2006). These victims generally come from the regions of Latin America,Read MoreThe Sex Trade: Slavery and Prostitution Essay1387 Words   |  6 Pagestheir slaves (Potocky, 2010). Sex trade is a global problem presently and will increase throughout the world if nothing is done to prevent and eliminate it. Sex slavery is a type of prostitution in which the trafficker’s make an increased profit through the solicitation of slaves. Sex trade will continue if nothing is done to prevent it globally. Lastly, in order for sex slavery to be abolished, international governments will have to take action and support anti-sex trade. A future epidemic of womenRead MoreSex Trafficking : A Common Issue For A Long Time1394 Words   |  6 Pages Sex trafficking can happen everywhere. People do not even realize when it is happening. Someone could be living their life, just as they normally do, and decided to go to the mall. Sometimes they may not even know that a little kid is going to be kidnapped, and later raped. This is what sex traffickin g is. Sex trafficking is commonly defined as when violence, drugs, lies, or any other form of coercion is used to force another person to have sex against their will. (Sex Trafficking in the U.S, 1)Read MoreHuman Trafficking In Russia: Prostitution661 Words   |  3 PagesHuman Trafficking In Russia: Prostitution Human trafficking is one of the major problems that is facing Russia. And Russia is considered the largest country in the whole world. It is massively known for the origin and final destination of trafficked men, women, and children who are forced to labor. Trafficking is carried out mainly for the purpose of exploitation, which includes prostitution, forced labor, slavery, removal of organs and many others (human trafficking in and out of Russia). This isRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Modern Form Of Enslavement1267 Words   |  6 PagesInitiatives on Human Trafficking Almost two centuries after the 16th President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, a new type of slave trade has taken possession of the lives of many human beings worldwide. Human trafficking is the modern form of enslavement. It includes the purchasing and selling of individuals for forced labor or sexual abuse. This new type of enslavement of human beings is evident all around the world. Additionally, the number of enslaved victims today is surpassing

Racism in Professional Sports Free Essays

Racism is a problem that has existed in our society for many years. The roots of racism date back to when slavery was considered normal, and even further back then that. Racism happens all the time, everyday and everywhere. We will write a custom essay sample on Racism in Professional Sports or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is a complex issue which occurs at many different levels. In the world of sports racism is happening more often and becoming more of a concern. The first major example is of Jackie Robinson. Robinson is considered a leader in the black community for breaking the color barrier in the sport of baseball. Although Robinson went through a great deal of prejudice, many black athletes today face similar problems. The National Hockey League, Major League Baseball, and many other associations are dealing with this problem even still today. Racism doesn’t only occur on the field. Today the management side of sports is more racist then the on field part. Racism is a problem that existed in sport when it first originated and continues to exist even in the world of sport today. Racism started in the beginning of sport when there were two separate leagues, the white league and the black league. It was in 1947, when Jackie Robinson stepped into the white world of baseball, that people noticed this was occurring. At the time no one was concerned with this because everything was segregated back then. â€Å"The verbal taunting, physical abuse, and death threats unleashed on him and his family had the 27 year old on the verge of mental breakdown (Guss, 1997). Robinson got through it by ignoring all those comments and using it as the reason he would play, to prove everyone wrong. He realized that he represented an entire race of people and if he were to explode he would condemn himself and his entire race. â€Å"I suffered then because I hoped to provide a better future for my children and for young black people everywhere, and because I naively believed that my sacrifices might help a little to make America the kind of country it was supposed to be†(Guss, 1997). Despite all the negativity, Robinson excelled in the majors by winning the 1947 Rookie of the Year award and helping lead his team to the World Series. Robinson’s perseverance throughout his career is what paved the way for black athletes to make a stand and prove to the world that they can compete with white athletes. After Robinson’s career was over the opportunity for black athletes to play on the same level as whites athletes had increased greatly. Although Jackie Robinson was discriminated upon half a century ago many black athletes today have to go through similar racism. In Major League Baseball racism is still a concern. Even though today African Americans are given an equal opportunity to compete, there are still certain people and players that disagree with this. In the same day and age that Albert Belle can earn $10 million per year, indicating that players are paid based on talent rather than skin color or personality, African Americans failed to make any progress (Guss, 1997). A big controversy that occurred during the 2000 baseball season included Atlanta Braves relief pitcher John Rocker. In an interview with Sports Illustrated Rocker made many derogatory, sexist, and racist remarks about the city of New York and the people who lived there. For his actions he was given a 22 game suspension and a reputation in society and throughout baseball as a racist(http://www. spn. go/profile/prifiles. com/mlb). Another example of racism in modern day baseball involves Marge Schott. â€Å"In an interview with Primetime Live, Cincinnati Reds owner Marge Schott repeated her belief that everyone uses the word nigger. She argued that racism is an invention of the press. Schott had been suspended from baseball for allegedly declaring that ‘I’d rather have a trained monkey working for me then a nigger,’ and remarking ‘Hitler was good in the beginning but he went too far†(Steinberg, 1992). Schott was punished for her remarks with a $25,000 fine, a suspension for one year, and removal from the Reds day to day operations. Baseball chairman Bud Selig wants to make it clear to everyone associated with baseball that racism will not be excepted in this business. From John Rocker to Marge Schott the world of baseball has been altered by their remarks. It was thought that there was racist thoughts in Major League Baseball, but these two actions brought it to the forefront. The chairman definitely made the right move by suspending and fining these two. By doing that he shows that â€Å"racist utterances have no place in the national pastime†(Kirshenbaum, 1993). The National Hockey League is a sport that has been dominated by white players for its entire existence. There is an extremely small percentage of black players in the NHL today. Mike Greer of the Edmonton Oilers is one of these few black players. During one of the games last season Greer was being given a hard time and players kept yelling racial slurs at him. Another incident that occurred was between Marty McSorley and Donald Brashear. Donald Brashear, like Greer, is one of the few African Americans in the National Hockey League. The incident that occurred between these two was that McSorley hit Brashear in the face with his stick. This happened toward the end of the game, in which MrSorley was immediately thrown out of the game. NHL Commissioner Gary Bettmann acted quickly by hitting McSorley with a suspension for the remainder of the regular season, which only had twenty three games remaining. This was the longest suspension for any player due to an on ice incident. On top of that suspension the case was taken to court. â€Å"Although McSorley was found guilty by a Canadian court he received only an eighteen months probation, and the offense won’t appear on his record if he completes the time without violating the terms of the probation. McSorley is also forbidden to play against Brashear in Canada or the U. S. during the probationary period. As an unrestricted free-agent it’s possible no one will sign the 17-year veteran; if they do, he must meet with NHL Commissioner Gary Bettman before being reinstated†(Hardesty, 2000). Race is an issue everywhere and it always going to be,† says Pro Bowl running back Ricky Watters. â€Å"It’s sneaky now. The owners have to be politically correct now. It isn’t fashionable anymore to be a racist. Now they have to kind of go behind the scenes, but believe me it’s still there. It’s not really something you can explain. It’s just a feeling. Just look at how many black head coaches were hired this year†(Guss, 1997). This quote was in response to the year of 1997 when Sherm Lewis, offensive coordinator for the Green Bay Packers who is African American wasn’t even interviewed for a head coaching job. This is an issue because teams usually look for successful coordinators to be the head coach of their team. Sherm Lewis had just led his team to a Super Bowl appearance, while having his offense lead the league in points and yards per game. On top of this Dan Reeves, former coach of the New York Giants, was offered a head coaching position for the Atlanta Falcons after going 31-33 his last four years. It makes you wonder why a successful offensive coordinator with four Super Bowl appearances under his belt would not get interviewed while another man with a poor record would be given a head coaching job. As NFL’s all time sack leader Reggie White puts it, â€Å"There is racism in the NFL. There are teams who have problems with black coaches and black quarterbacks†(Guss, 1997). Racism does exist in every aspect of life. From earlier times to more recent times it is obvious that racism is a part everyday life. When Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier in sports in 1947 he had imagined that by today things would have changed significantly, and to some extent they have. Even though African Americans are now allegedly offered similar treatment in sport, they are still treated differently. In all sports there is a very small percentage of African American coaches and managers. In some cases the black coach has had a much better resume, but still not given the job. This is the world we live in today. Racism is still a problem and will continue to be until their are changes made in the front office. As Hank Aaron says, â€Å"It’s a closed society in many ways. We will still have some problems in sports, no question about it. I want people to realize that we still have a long way to go†(Guss, 1997). How to cite Racism in Professional Sports, Essay examples

Complex Clinical Situation Essay

Question: Discuss about the Essay for Complex Clinical Situation. Answer: Introduction This essay presents the state of ethical controversy arising from a complex clinical situation when an elderly patient in the RAC (Residential Aged Care Facility) experienced the episode of chest pain and eventually died from cardiac arrest during the process of her transfer to the emergency care unit. Despite the patients refusal of receiving treatment intervention in a medical emergency, she was transferred to the emergency care unit of the hospital and resuscitated by paramedic during the episode of cardiac arrest. Various legal and ethical discrepancies related to the case study discussed in the context of evidence-based literature and accordingly the appropriate defensible solution provided for combating these difficult scenarios. The stakeholders in the presented case study include the registered nurse and paramedic who were deployed in the RAC (Residential Aged Care) facility for attending the elderly patient in the scenario of a medical emergency. Other stakeholders include the RAC facility, primary care physician as well as the family members of the elderly individual. The case study presents an ethical dilemma that occurred when the healthcare team attempted to save the life of the patient during the episode of cardiac arrest. In the absence of the accomplishment of the advanced care directive (ACD) by the patient, the registered nurse professional and paramedic facilitated the patient transfer to the hospital and administered the resuscitating intervention in the context of saving the life of the affected patient. The life saving intervention based upon the patient transfer and aggressive resuscitation administration was carried on in the best interest of the patient for her revival. Contrarily, aggressi ve treatment and transfer interventions were administered in the absence of the will and consent of the elderly patient. Nurse professionals require accomplishing their moral obligations while undertaking the ethical challenges encountered during the course of clinical interventions to the treated patients (Zahedi, et al., 2013). However, nurse professionals also require practicing autonomy in taking independent decisions while encountering complex clinical scenarios. Evidence-based literature demonstrates the pattern of reciprocal relationship between the workspace constraints and the eventual adverse psychosocial outcomes faced by the nurse professionals across the clinical setting. In the presented case study, the registered nurse was bound to order the transfer of patient to the hospital setting under the influence of ethical constraints and healthcare protocols enforced by the RAC facility (Gaffney, DeMarco, Hofmeyer, Vessey, Budin, 2012). Resultantly, the registered nurse faced legal charges from the family members of the patient in terms of the allegation regarding assault and battery that resu lted in the death of the patient on arrival in the emergency department. Research findings by (Dyson, Bray, Bernard, Straney, Finn, 2016) indicate the effectiveness of the out-of-hospital resuscitation by paramedics in terms of saving the lives of patients affected with the episodes of cardiac arrest. In the presented case study, the paramedic following the same convention with the objective of reversing the complications faced by the patient under the influence of cardiac arrest. Furthermore, practicing the appropriate medical interventions for reducing the deterioration in the clinical condition of the patient regarded as the moral and ethical right of the paramedic professional. The registered nurses as well as paramedic professionals continue to face the pattern of discourse related to the publication of healthcare guidelines and their implementation across the clinical settings (O'Driscoll, et al., 2016). In the presented case study, the patient never signed any ACD; however, she verbally refused the aggressive life saving treatment in case of medical emergency. This resulted in an ethical dilemma when she faced the episode of chest pain and cardiac arrest and eventually the RN and paramedic were left with no choice than to immediately transfer her to the hospital emergency while administering the resuscitation intervention during the process of transfer. The rights and dignity of the both RN and paramedic need significant consideration by the healthcare authorities while configuring any decision in response to the complaint filed by the family members of the affected patient. The findings in evidence-based research literature advocate the requirement of elevation of the dignity of registered nurse professionals and paramedics for improving patient care outcomes in nursing practice (Parandeh, Khaghanizade, Mohammadi, Mokhtari-Nouri, 2016). In the presented case study, the dignity and rights of the members of healthcare team as well as the RAC facility r emained at stake after the decision of the patients family members for suing the healthcare teams members while making them responsible for the death of the affected patient. Resultantly, the diminution of the rights and dignity of the registered nurse, paramedic and RAC facility might affect the quality of healthcare services and medical decision making undertaken by them in prospective clinical scenarios. The evidence-based findings by (Scheunemann, 2011) advocate the requirement of rationing while extending care and assistance of the patient population. Rationing emphasizes the need for selectively blocking the administration of treatment interventions to the patients in various treatment scenarios. In the presented case study, the concept of rationing was not utilized in the context of the fact that the patient could not sign the ACD while mentioning her unwillingness in receiving potentially lifesaving treatment in case of medical emergency. From the perspective of ethical convention, healthcare strategies require the administration in accordance with the desire and consent of the treated patient. However, the legislative convention does not allow medical professionals to refrain themselves in administering life saving healthcare interventions to the deteriorated patient in the absence of duly signed ACD mentioning the unwillingness of the patient in receiving aggressive treatment. Contrarily, the rule of rescue encourages healthcare professionals in administering life saving strategies to the dying individuals irrespective of the limited scope of benefit (Scheunemann, 2011). The principles of healthcare ethics describe the adverse influence of the moral strain and incongruence of values on the pattern of medical decision making and associated healthcare interventions for the treated patients (Gabel, 2011). In the presented clinical scenario, the registered nurse professional was unable to align her moral values with the perspectives and values of the patient and therefore, execute the decision of transferring the patient to the hospital under the influence of the moral strain. The act of the registered nurse professional proved unethical from the perspective that emphasizes the requirement of including the patients in their medical-decision making. The nurse professional required effectively communicating with the patient on an ongoing basis for evaluating h er perspectives, contentions and cultural beliefs and could have informed the same to the RAC management in the context of taking an evidence-based ethical decision during the episode of patients cardiac arrest (Kourkouta Papathanasiou, 2014). Contrarily, the lack of an effective therapeutic relationship of a registered nurse with the patient resulted in the unilateral decision of the healthcare team in transferring the patient to the hospital emergency while attempting to resuscitate her during the episode of cardiac arrest. The research findings by (Kim, Roth, Wollburg, 2015) indicate the influence of a therapeutic relationship of the healthcare team with the treated patient on the pattern of his/her psychosocial outcomes. In the presented clinical scenario, the elevation in patients psychosocial outcomes following the nursing might indicate the improvement in the psychological state of the patient; however, this might not influence her decision of not receiving the life saving interventions in case of medical emergency. Therefore, analysis of the case scenario from this perspective indicates that the registered nurse professional appropriately utilized the conventions of professional practice while ordering the patient transfer under adverse clinical circumstances. The code of ethics and professional conduct stipulated by NMBA (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia) advocates the requirement of administering qualitative healthcare interventions to the patient population (NMBA, 2016). The ethical code also signifies the requirement of treating the patients and family members with kindness and affection. In the presented clinical scenario, the registered nurse professionals failed to consider the treatment preference of the patient during a medical emergency indicates the absence of kind gesture of the healthcare team in dealing with the patients condition. However, the same convention also advocates the requirement of practicing safety measures for enhancing the well-being of the treated patient. Therefore, with this perspective in mind the nurse professional and paramedic rightly practiced the ethical norms while attempting to save the life of the deteriorated patient. The nursing code of ethics advocates the requirement of maintaining trans parency with the treated patient while administering diagnostic and treatment interventions (Gallagher Hodge, 2012, p. 79). However, in the presented clinical scenario there was no commitment between the medical team and the patient and her family members regarding the needful action in case of a medical emergency with the patient. Resultantly, the decision-making by the registered nurse and paramedic gave rise to an ethical dilemma. Evidence-based clinical literature advocates the requirement of practicing phenomenological approaches by the medical professionals while administering care interventions for the patient population in the clinical setting (Greenfield Jensen, 2010). The ethical concerns embedded in the chronic conditions and adverse experiences of the affected patient require due consideration by the nurse professionals and paramedics while taking calculated decisions during medical emergencies. In the presented clinical scenario, the age of the patient and her chronic cardiovascular, psychological and musculoskeletal conditions proved to be the biggest hindrance in administering care and treatment interventions to the patient in the hospital setting. According to this ethical perspective, the registered nurse professional required evaluating the probability of patients survival while taking an evidence-based decision during the medical emergency. Furthermore, the absence of a thorough discussion regarding the end-of-life issues of the patient and her family members resulted in a conflicting situation where the registered nurse professional experienced ethical stress because of her incapacity of taking a moral decision during the episode of patients intense chest pain (Ulrich, et al., 2013). Resultantly, the decision of transferring the patient to the hospital unit was taken by the registered nurse professional with the sole objective of saving the life of the deteriorated-patient. Advanced care conventions for the elderly patient advocate the re quirement of providing culture oriented care and therapy during the end stage of life (Kalra, Forman, Goodlin, 2015). In the presented clinical scenario, the nurse professional as well as other members of the healthcare teams required undertaking advanced care planning for the patient while including her family members and primary care provider for surpassing any potential conflict related to the medical decision making during the end stage of patients life. The ethical decision making related to the cardiopulmonary resuscitation intervention by the medical teams requires the consideration of patients perspectives related to the life and death decisions (Hayes, 2013). Contrarily, in the presented clinical scenario the paramedic utilized the technical and legal perspective of decision making while administering resuscitating approach for saving the life of the patient during the episode of cardiac arrest (Hayes, 2013). This resulted in the ethical dilemma requiring intervention of t he jurisdiction following the allegation by patients family members. The legally and ethically defensible solution to the potential conflicts arising from the treatment decisions undertaken during medical emergencies attribute to the inclusion of the elderly patient as well as her family members while configuring advanced care planning and associated approaches. The nurse manager needs to evaluate and address the elderly patients chronic conditions; cultural background and associated conventions related to the treatment strategies that the patient aspires to receive while experiencing the state of deteriorated health. The configuration of individualized and holistic healthcare approaches requires strategic execution while prioritizing the perspectives of the treated patient in adverse circumstances. On the other hand, the medical teams also need to provide thorough explanation to the patients family members regarding the adversities the patient might face in the absence of the requisite resuscitation intervention administered with the objective of sav ing the life of the affected patient during the episode of severe conditions like cardiac arrest and respiratory failure. Indeed, the nurse professional, paramedic as well as other members of the healthcare team must effectively collaborate with the elderly patient and his/her family members while taking calculated decisions regarding the treatment methodology requiring administration to the patient during complex clinical situations. Conclusion The presented clinical scenario presented an ethical as well as legal dilemma arising from the decision undertaken by the registered nurse professional as well as paramedic in transferring the patient to the hospital while administering resuscitation intervention for saving her life during the episode of cardiac arrest. Various ethical and legal conventions require subjective consideration by the healthcare teams in caring for the elderly patients across the RAC facilities. Healthcare decision makers must configure holistic interventions and policies for assisting medical professionals in taking the most appropriate and valid decisions while tackling the medical emergencies experienced by the elderly patients. Bibliography Dyson, K., Bray, J. E., Bernard, S., Straney, L., Finn, J. (2016). Paramedic Exposure to Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Is Associated With Patient Survival. Circulation, Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 154-160. doi:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002317 Gabel, S. (2011). Ethics and Values in Clinical Practice: Whom Do They Help? Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 86(5), 421-424. doi:10.4065/mcp.2010.0781 Gaffney, D. A., DeMarco, R. F., Hofmeyer, A., Vessey, J. A., Budin, W. C. (2012). Making Things Right: Nurses' Experiences with Workplace BullyingA Grounded Theory. Nursing Research and Practice. doi:10.1155/2012/243210 Gallagher, A., Hodge, S. (2012). Ethics, Law and Professional Issues: A Practice-Based Approach for Health Professionals. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Greenfield, B., Jensen, G. M. (2010). Beyond a code of ethics: phenomenological ethics for everyday practice. Physiotherapy Research International, 88-95. doi:10.1002/pri.481 Hayes, B. (2013). Clinical model for ethical cardiopulmonary resuscitation decision-making. Internal Medicine Journal, 77-83. doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02841.x Kalra, A., Forman, D. E., Goodlin, S. J. (2015). Medical decision making for older adults: an international perspective comparing the United States and India. Journal of Geriatric Cardiology, 329-334. doi:10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2015.04.003 Kim, S., Roth, W. T., Wollburg, E. (2015). Effects of therapeutic relationship, expectancy, and credibility in breathing therapies for anxiety. Bulletin of Menninger Clinic, 116-30. doi:10.1521/bumc.2015.79.2.116 Kourkouta, L., Papathanasiou, I. V. (2014). Communication in Nursing Practice. Materia Sociomedica, 26(1), 65-67. doi:10.5455/msm.2014.26.65-67 NMBA. (2016). Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia. Retrieved from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/ O'Driscoll, B. R., Bakerly, N. D., Caress, A. L., Roberts, J., Gaston, M., Newton, M., Yorke, J. (2016). A study of attitudes, beliefs and organisational barriers related to safe emergency oxygen therapy for patients with COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) in clinical practice and research. BMJ Open Respiratory Research, 3(1). doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2015-000102 Parandeh, A., Khaghanizade, M., Mohammadi, E., Mokhtari-Nouri, J. (2016). Nurses human dignity in education and practice: An integrated literature review. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 21(1), 1-8. doi:10.4103/1735-9066.174750 Scheunemann, L. P. (2011). The Ethics and Reality of Rationing in Medicine. Chest, 1625-1632. doi:10.1378/chest.11-0622 Ulrich, C. M., Taylor, C., Soeken, K., O'Donnell, P., Farrar, A., Danis, M., Grady, C. (2013). Everyday Ethics: Ethical Issues and Stress in Nursing Practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05425.x Zahedi, F., Sanjari, M., Aala, M., Peymani, M., Aramesh, K., Parsapour, A., . . . Dastgerdi, M. V. (2013). The Code of Ethics for Nurses. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 42(1), 1-8. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3712593/